Most of the Congress working committee including, Nehru, Abdul Kalam Azad, Sardar Patel were incarcerated at the Ahmednagar Fort[93] until 15 June 1945. [13] The Second Boer War and the Russo-Japanese War intensified his feelings. ", "Treaties and international agreements registered or filed and recorded with the Secretariat of the United Nations", "India's moment in the Suez Canal crisis", "China's Decision for War with India in 1962 by John W. Garver", "Tibetans-in-exile divided over right to vote in Indian elections", "Jawaharlal Nehru pleaded for US help against China in 1962", "Assassination Attempt on Nehru Made in Car", "Rickshaw Boy Arrested for Attempting to Kill Nehru", "Knife Wielder Jumps on Car of Indian Premier", "Police Say Nehru's Assassination Plot is Thwarted", "Bombay Police Thwart Attempt on Nehru's Life", "Jawaharlal Nehru: The Maker of modern India", "A Man Who, with All His Mind and Heart, Loved India", BBC ON THIS DAY | 27 | 1964: Light goes out in India as Nehru dies, The death of Mr Nehru, hero and architect of modern India, "India Mourning Nehru, 74, Dead of a Heart Attack; World Leaders Honor Him", "International Urdu conference from Nov. 10", "Maulana Azad and the Demand for Pakistan: A Reappraisal", "Nation pays homage to Govind Ballabh Pant", "Govind Ballabh Pant Engineering College, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand", "REFERENCE MATERIAL 2010 NOTES ON THE FUNCTIONING OF VARIOUS DIVISIONS", "India: Central Government Budgets – 1947–48 to 2003–04", "dated December 21, 1954: State Bank of India", "From years 1916 to 1964...The man and the times", "If I Weren't A Sanyasin, He Would Have Married Me", "The Rediff Interview / Stanley Wolpert 'I have tried to tell Nehru's story as honestly as possible, "Nehru-Edwina were in love: Edwina's daughter", "Nehru-Edwina were in deep love, says Edwina's daughter", Universal primary education first on the Prime Minster's agenda, "Jawaharlal Nehru Biography – Childhood, Facts & Achievements of India's First Prime Minister", "The Hindu : Young World : From dad with love", Independence and After: A collection of the more important speeches of Jawaharlal Nehru from September 1946 to May 1949, 70th Anniversary of Indian Independence - Nehru's Birthday Dinner Programme - UK Parliament Living Heritage, Newspaper clippings about Jawaharlal Nehru, 1950 University of Cambridge Chancellor election, List of international prime ministerial trips made by Jawaharlal Nehru, Before Freedom: Nehru's Letters to His Sister 1909–1947, Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu TCC, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jawaharlal_Nehru&oldid=1002601363, Alumni of the Inns of Court School of Law, Members of the Constituent Assembly of India, Presidents of the Indian National Congress, Recipients of the Order of the Companions of O. 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Tambo, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2020, Articles with minor POV problems from August 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata namespace mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, If any people choose to think of me, then I should like them to say: "This was the man who, with all his mind and heart, loved India and the Indian people. It was endorsed by the Congress Party, but rejected by more nationalist Indians who sought complete independence. It means a lot. Indeed, the far-sighted Nandlal ensured that his brother (and his own sons) became among the earliest Indians to receive a Western-style college education. Nehru welcomed and encouraged the rapprochement between the two Indian communities. [233] Edwina's daughter Pamela acknowledged Nehru's platonic relationship with Edwina. Male. His contribution to establishing the education foundation in India is recognised by celebrating his birthday as National Education Day across India.[205][206]. [19] Congress in 1912 was the party of moderates and elites,[19] and he was disconcerted by what he saw as "very much an English-knowing upper-class affair. 172 Indian members of central and provincial legislatures resigned in support of the resolution and in accordance with Indian public sentiment. They imagined that they were masters and all the other people in the country were their servants. [121], After years of failed negotiations, Nehru authorised the Indian Army to invade Portuguese-controlled Goa in 1961, and then he formally annexed it to India. Adult education centers, vocational and technical schools were also organised for adults, especially in the rural areas. ... Jawaharlal Nehru's father was Moti Lal Nehru Jawaharlal Nehru's mother was Swarup Rani Nehru. Jawaharlal Nehru was born in a Kashmiri Brahman family. But the real importance, to my mind, lay in the effect they had on our own people, and especially the village masses.… Non-cooperation dragged them out of the mire and gave them self-respect and self-reliance.… They acted courageously and did not submit so easily to unjust oppression; their outlook widened and they began to think a little in terms of India as a whole.… It was a remarkable transformation and the Congress, under Gandhi's leadership, must have the credit for it. He spent his early years in Anand Bhavan in Allahabad. [79] When Nehru presented Lord Linlithgow with the demands, he chose to reject them. There was no greater prince of peace and apostle of non-violence than Mahatma Gandhi...but yet, he said it was better to take the sword than to surrender, fail or run away. In addition, Nehru's stance as an unfailing nationalist led him to also implement policies which stressed commonality among Indians while still appreciating regional diversities. A deadlock was reached: "The same old game is played again," Nehru wrote bitterly to Gandhi, "the background is the same, the various epithets are the same and the actors are the same and the results must be the same. Canada prepared to ship six transport planes. [1][3][4][5][6], Thus began the family's association with Allahabad, which many people mistakenly believe is the city from where the Nehru family hails. * Jawaharlal Nehru’s grandfather was Ghiasuddin Ghazi, a kotwal of the Mughals, who changed his name to Gangadhar Nehru. The Part C states included both the former chief commissioners' provinces and some princely states, and each was governed by a chief commissioner appointed by the President of India. [7][8] His frequent visits to Europe angered the Kashmiri Brahmin community as he refused to perform the traditional "prayashchit", or reformation ceremony, after crossing the ocean (according to Strict Hinduism, one lost one's caste after crossing the ocean, and was required to perform certain penance rites to regain caste). [152], Nehru led the faction of the Congress party which promoted Hindi as the lingua franca of the Indian nation. Chiefly, he oversaw India's transition from a colony to a republic, while nurturing a plural, multi-party system. He had written 30 letters to his daughter Indira Gandhi, when she was 10 years old and in a boarding school in Mussoorie, teaching about natural history and the story of civilisations. It will require much more than difference of opinion to estrange us. JAWAHAR LAL NEHRU:—Jawahar Lal’s father was Moti Lal and Moti Lal The writings of Bernard Shaw, H. G. Wells, John Maynard Keynes, Bertrand Russell, Lowes Dickinson, and Meredith Townsend moulded much of his political and economic thinking. He refused to meet Benito Mussolini, dictator of Italy, when the latter expressed his desire to meet him. [94], During the period where all of the Congress leadership were in jail, the Muslim League under Jinnah grew in power. Motilal Nehru belonged to Kashmiri Pandit Family and he served as President of Indian National Congress in 1919 and 1928. The first attempt on his life was during partition in 1947 while he was visiting North-West Frontier Province (now in Pakistan) in a car. However, his interest in theosophy did not prove to be enduring and he left the society shortly after Brooks departed as his tutor. Where do they get all this money from? In the 1957 elections, Nehru also led the Congress party to victory with 47.8% of the votes and taking 371 of the 494 seats in the 1957 elections. What is the name of the autobiography of Jawaharlal Nehru? The Jawaharlal Nehru University in Delhi is among the most prestigious universities in India. [209], C. D. Deshmukh was one of 5 members of the Planning Commission when it was constituted in 1950 by a cabinet resolution. [14], The entry of Motilal's son Jawaharlal Nehru into politics in 1916, started the most powerful and influential Indian political dynasty. [160] Instead, he was upstaged by the Chinese representative, Zhou Enlai, who downplayed revolutionary communism and acknowledged the right of all nations to choose their own economic and political systems, including even capitalism. [266], In 1955, Nehru was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour. [164] Nehru also told Bhabha, and later it was told by Bhabha to Raja Rammanna, that: "We must have the capability. Jawaharlal Nehru was born into an affluent Kashmiri Brahman family in Allahabad on November 14, 1889. [44] If the British failed to meet the deadline, the Congress would call upon all Indians to fight for complete independence. A senior Indian foreign office official characterize Menon as "an outstanding world statesman but the world's worst diplomat," adding that he was often "overbearing, churlish and vindictive". As Frank Moraes writes, "[i]f [Nehru's] sympathy was with any country it was with France, whose culture he greatly admired. [165] He commissioned the first study of the effects of nuclear explosions on human health, and campaigned ceaselessly for the abolition of what he called "these frightful engines of destruction". [55], The Salt Satyagraha succeeded in drawing the attention of the world. Nehru's grandfather was a Muslim: Wiki page edited from govt IP address. Nehru angrily declared that "all the old problems…pale into insignificance before the latest stand taken by the Muslim League leader in Lahore." [100] During the drafting of the Indian constitution, many Indian leaders (except Nehru) of that time were in favour of allowing each princely state or covenanting state to be independent as a federal state along the lines suggested originally by the Government of India Act 1935. [167] Kashmir was a disputed territory between India and Pakistan, the two having gone to war with each other over the state in 1947. [188][189][190][191] The third one happened in Bombay in 1956. [121], According to Bhikhu Parekh, Nehru can be regarded as the founder of the modern Indian state. Many documentaries about Nehru's life have been produced. Jawaharlal was the eldest of three children, two of who… The goal was to assert the power of the government, legitimise the Congress party's control and suppress all religious paramilitary groups. [19] Later, he campaigned against indentured labour and other such discrimination faced by Indians in the British colonies. Full name. 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